83. Why do some large engineering units need vehicle export licences, while others do not?

The decisive criterion is not physical size but whether the item is a road motor vehicle. Vehicles bearing a VIN that may legally be driven on public roads require a vehicle export licence; engineering equipment used only on site, which is not a road motor vehicle, is subject to different regulatory requirements and does not need a vehicle licence. Misclassification leads to cargo detention, document amendment and port demurrage.